Design and Dynamic Simulation of a V-Shaped HTS Maglev System for Urban Rail Transit

High-temperature superconducting (HTS) magnetic levitation (maglev) offers a promising solution for urban and high-speed transport due to its self-stabilizing levitation and negligible magnetic drag. This paper introduces a novel V-shaped permanent magnet guideway (PMG) that achieves stronger magnetic-flux concentration than conventional flat PMGs, enabling reduced rare-earth magnet usage while enhancing both lift and lateral guidance performance. A validated finite element model is used to characterize the electromagnetic forces, which are then incorporated into a dynamic model of an HTS maglev vehicle, including a carbody, five bogies, ten air springs, and sixty cryostat-mounted HTS bulk modules. Dynamic simulations across speeds of 60–160 km/h show enhanced levitation efficiency, improved lateral stability, and acceptable ride comfort and vibration. These results demonstrate the feasibility of the V-shaped PMG concept and provide both theoretical guidance and engineering evidence for its application in future HTS pinning maglev transportation systems.