Adaptive Fractional Observer-Based Frequency Regulation in Renewable-Integrated Power Systems

The penetration of Renewable Energy Resources (RERs) presents a significant challenge to the functionality and reliability of electrical power grid. Issues such as largescale RERs integration and load variability create substantial operational difficulties, hampering system inertia and affecting grid frequency control. Therefore, adaptive inertia management in the considerable renewable integrated grid is the main concern of this investigation. In order to enhance the frequency control in the test grid, a unified model free adaptive fractional state observer driven dynamic control methodology is developed for unpredictable dynamic conditions. The technique improves the system’s ability to reduce the oscillations and disruptions frequently experienced by RERs by permitting adaptive inertia. By enabling adaptive inertia, the strategy enhances the system’s ability to mitigate the oscillations and disruptions which are generally associated with RERs. A comparative evaluation with the robust existing control algorithms demonstrates the supremacy of the proposed control strategy. The findings are further validated through real-time experimental testing using OPAL-RT Hardware-In-the-Loop framework.