A Blockchain-Based Efficient, Verifiable, and Weighted Multidimensional Data Aggregation Scheme in Smart Grids

The widespread deployment of smart grids has brought significant convenience to residential life. However, it also presents key challenges for data aggregation in smart grids.M1: The hierarchical structure of smart grid consumers (e.g., residential, industrial, commercial) requires differentiated allocation strategies to meet varying electricity demands while protecting consumer privacy.M2: The existing methods, such as superincreasing sequence, often face efficiency challenges, particularly when dealing with multidimensional data.M3: Smart meters continuously collect diverse power consumption data containing users' private information, which is vulnerable to tampering or loss, compromising data integrity and impacting power dispatch decisions. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a blockchain-based, efficient, verifiable, and weighted multidimensional data aggregation scheme for smart grids. First, a novel five-layer cloud-chain-assisted multiscenario data security aggregation model is proposed. Second, instead of using superincreasing sequences, we introduce the Chinese Remainder Theorem to process multidimensional data, thereby reducing communication complexity. Additionally, the property of quadratic reciprocity is leveraged to enhance the decryption method of the Paillier cryptosystem, reducing computational overhead. A weighted aggregation function is implemented to accurately aggregate data based on different user attributes. Furthermore, we propose two sample configurations to address distinct scenario requirements. Security analysis and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme meets practical requirements in terms of both security and efficiency.