Stability-Oriented Adaptive Synchronization Control for Networked Microgrids

This paper presents an adaptive synchronization control mechanism (ASCM) using an online ridge regression strategy for networked AC microgrids (ACMGs). The understud ied ACMG system comprises multiple voltage source inverters (VSIs), where the proposed adaptive mechanism is utilized to dynamically tune the controllers' gain in real-time. This adaptive synchronization layer improves the performance of the control system in transient conditions, such as abrupt load f luctuations, plug-and-play (PnP) operations and maintains the robust operation in the presence of measurement noise and communication disturbances, all without imposing a significant additional computational burden. Moreover, the stability of the closed-loop system is ensured through a Lyapunov-based analysis, ensuring bounded tracking error and robustness to parameter uncertainties. The simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink show that the proposed decentralized secondary control achieves a 75% improvement in response time to rapid reference changes, reducing it from 2 seconds with centralized secondary control to 0.5 seconds, while also improving voltage tracking performance. It also significantly reduces frequency deviations during PnP events (∼10×), representing a substantial improvement compared to conventional fixed-gain secondary controllers commonly used in networked ACMGs.