An Information Interaction Method for Autonomous Train Operation Protection Based on Detection and Communication Integrated Microwave Photonic Radar

With the densification of high-speed railway networks, existing integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) architectures face challenges in meeting the demands of autonomous train operation. Traditional integrated approaches suffer from limited waveform diversity and poor anti-interference capability, restricting adaptability to complex environments. We propose a novel microwave photonic ISAC radar for train protection information interaction, targeting close-range perception scenarios. A photonics-assisted hardware architecture is designed to generate and process frequency-agile ultra-wideband signals, enabling high-resolution detection and high-rate communication, with experiments verifying a 20 cm ranging resolution. To address beam misalignment caused by high-speed nonlinear trajectories, a beam alignment method is proposed that utilizes uncertainty-quantified positioning information to optimize beam position arrangement. The alignment time is only 22.2% and 33.3% for the traversal method for two alignment iterations. Additionally, a time-varying track reflection multipath model is constructed, and a communication information reconstruction method is proposed to effectively compensate for phase shifts and enhance communication recovery quality under complex channels. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves lower bit error rates and greater robustness compared to other approaches.