Control Methods for Weighing Instruments Based on Electromagnetic Force Compensation: A State-of-the-Art Review

This study presents a systematic review of control methods for electromagnetic force compensation (EMFC) weighing cells, a technology extensively employed in high-accuracy weighing instruments across various industrial and scientific sectors. The research was conducted following a structured methodology applied to recognized scientific databases, covering publications from the past decade. The analysis identifies trends and recurring approaches in control design aimed at ensuring stability, accuracy, and high dynamic performance. The results indicate that achieving higher levels of accuracy requires more robust control methods, where the performance of the electronic subsystem comprising the optical sensor, data acquisition system, and digital controller has a decisive impact compared to mechanical improvements. It is concluded that, in the simulated and experimental evaluations reported in the literature, no study has conducted a complete calibration of the EMFC load cell weighing instrument or validated it in an industrial environment. This gap highlights the need for future research to include validations under real operating conditions and to carry out follow-up assessments that enable evaluation of the instruments metrological drift over a specified time period.