Modeling and Analysis of Ultrasonic Power Transfer Systems With Asymmetric Transducers

This article presents a novel 2-D equivalent circuit model for analyzing the effects of asymmetric transducer dimensions and radial misalignment on ultrasonic power transfer (UPT) system performance. Based on electromechanical analogies and transfer matrix methods, the model establishes a comprehensive analytical framework incorporating mechanical–electrical coupling effects, energy losses, and geometric parameters. Experimental validation with varying size ratios and radial misalignment conditions between transmitting and receiving transducers demonstrates the model's accuracy. Parametric analysis reveals quantitative relationships between transducer size ratios and system performance, while elucidating the coupling effects between radial misalignment and transducer dimensional differences. The findings show that system efficiency is less impacted under small-range radial misalignment, particularly when the misalignment remains below the difference in transducer radii. Furthermore, the investigation shows a distinct tradeoff relationship: increased dimensional asymmetry enhances misalignment tolerance while reducing overall transmission efficiency. These insights provide theoretical guidance for the design optimization of asymmetric UPT systems.