Nonlinear Parameter Regulation of External Circuits and Field-Circuit Coupling Analysis in Synchronously Induction Coilgun

The synchronous induction coilgun (SICG) has garnered significant attention in electromagnetic launch applications due to its noncontact acceleration and uniform thrust characteristics. However, its launch efficiency remains critically dependent on external circuit parameters. This study proposes a global optimization strategy based on a sequential iterative methodology under energy conservation constraints. Employing a fixed-step Runge–Kutta (RK) algorithm for iterative analysis and Maxwell finite element validation, the investigation reveals the operational principles governing the influence of capacitance values on muzzle velocity and energy conversion efficiency (ECE). By analyzing the coupling intensity between driving coils and armatures under varying capacitance values and initial capacitor voltages—including corresponding voltage/current dynamics—and further examining the impact of capacitance adjustments on optimal armature trigger positions, this work integrates circuit and structural parameters into a unified design framework. Key findings demonstrate that the nonlinear relationship between external circuit parameters and electromagnetic coupling effects can be quantified through dynamic capacitance optimization intervals (0–60 mF for the proposed model). Within this range, muzzle velocity variations remain below 1%, while capacitance values exceeding the 60-mF threshold require coordinated trigger position compensation ($\Delta x =1222$mm) to mitigate velocity degradation. This study establishes quantifiable design boundaries for balancing high energy efficiency with low operational losses while elucidating the critical role of trigger position compensation mechanisms in enhancing system robustness under multiphysics coupling conditions. The proposed conclusions necessitate further experimental validation.