A Sequential In-Process Energy Recovery Topology for Multistage Reluctance Electromagnetic Launchers

The performance of electromagnetic launch (EML) systems is generally evaluated in terms of two key parameters: the velocity of the projectile and the overall energy utilization efficiency. However, existing multistage EML circuits are constrained by their topology, which limits the timely reutilization of residual energy and thereby restricts further improvements in both projectile velocity and system efficiency. To address this issue, this study proposes a sequential in-process energy recovery topology (SIPERT). The proposed circuit topology is capable of collecting the residual energy remaining in the circuit after the completion of acceleration in each stage and reutilizing this energy in the subsequent stages of the launch process. Specifically, once the upstream coil conduction is completed, the induced electromotive force is used to recharge the downstream capacitor, thereby both accelerating the attenuation of ineffective freewheeling current and increasing the initial voltage of the subsequent capacitor. The fundamental principle of SIPERT is elucidated in detail, and its performance is validated by experiments on a dedicated test platform. Comparative simulations are further conducted against conventional, bridge-type, and final-stage recovery circuits. The results demonstrate that, relative to the bridge-type circuit, SIPERT achieves a 10.02% increase in projectile velocity and a 14.08% improvement in system efficiency. These findings provide valuable insights for the future design and optimization of EML systems.