Calculation of Positive-Sequence and Zero-Sequence Impedances of Three-Phase Submarine Cables
Abstract
This paper describes semi-analytical calculation methods for the positive-sequence and zero-sequence impedances of 3-phase armored cables with solid sheaths and a single armor layer. Separate equivalent circuits are defined for these two impedances. Subsequently, circuit component values are calculated based on 2D field equations, with some 3D effects modeled. The existing approach for calculating zero-sequence impedance is corrected and expanded by inclusion of additional inductances due to sole no idal fields and magnetic armor effects. 3D finite-element models of cables with magnetic and non magnetic armor are used to assess the accuracy of our circuit models; discrepancies are less than 3% at frequencies between 50 Hz and 5 kHz. Python code with the implementation of the method is provided for accessibility.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Thermal Analysis in Power Transmission
Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena
High voltage insulation and dielectric phenomena
Publication details
- Journal / source
- IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery
- Publisher
- Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1045–1056
- Publication date
- 28 January 2026
- Language
- EN