Optimal Traffic-Informed Design and Operation of EV Charging Stations in Power Distribution Grids

This paper introduces a novel electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) siting framework that simultaneously optimizes power distribution and transportation network performance. Addressing the limitations of traditional approaches, which often neglect the dynamic demand of EVCS, our framework employs a multi-objective optimization strategy that jointly determines EVCS location and capacity, alongside battery energy storage system (BESS) deployment. By integrating data-driven techniques, we optimize for grid stability, traffic congestion, and infrastructure costs. Real-world simulations, utilizing actual energy consumption data, demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework. Notably, the optimized BESS effectively mitigates voltage fluctuations and peak load challenges, while the EVCS placement minimizes travel costs and queuing delays, ensuring compliance with both power and traffic constraints.