Adapting the First Episode Psychosis Services Fidelity Scale in Asia: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Singapore's Early Psychosis Intervention Programme

BACKGROUND: Fidelity assessments are crucial for ensuring evidence-based delivery of first episode psychosis (FEP) services. The First Episode Psychosis Services Fidelity Scale (FEPS-FS) is a validated tool for evaluating FEP programmes, but its application in Asian contexts remains unexplored. This study applies and adapts the FEPS-FS to evaluate Singapore's Early Psychosis Intervention Programme (EPIP) in 2024, examining its contextual applicability within Singapore's healthcare framework. METHODS: Fidelity was assessed at EPIP through programme data analysis, health record reviews, and interviews with staff, patients, and families. Three evaluators scored 37 items on a five-point scale, with ratings determined by consensus. Two items were selectively added from an earlier FEPS-FS version to address local contexts. Items rated ≤ 3 indicated areas needing attention. The FRAME methodology documented adaptations for local challenges, particularly in weight management and substance use interventions. RESULTS: EPIP demonstrated high fidelity to evidence-based FEP practices, particularly in programme structure and clinical processes. Twenty items achieved maximum ratings, including team integration, family engagement, and clozapine adherence. Lower ratings (≤ 3) identified gaps in participant ratios, psychiatrist caseload, and medication practices. Five items, primarily related to psychological and occupational therapies and substance use interventions, were unscored due to documentation differences, highlighting the need for tailored adaptations. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates EPIP's strong adherence to evidence-based practices while highlighting areas for improvement, particularly in resource allocation and documentation. The findings underscore the need for culturally sensitive adaptations of fidelity measures and innovative solutions to address challenges in early psychosis services within Asian healthcare systems. Future research should focus on developing structured documentation systems that balance standardisation with personalised care and explore strategies to enhance metabolic health interventions and substance use management in the local context.