“Like a roller‐coaster ride”: Fathers' perspectives about their role in childcare

ABSTRACT Objective This study qualitatively explores fathers' perceptions of their parenting role, as well as the challenges and resources associated with it. Background Societal changes in recent years have led to a transformation in the father's role, with fathers playing an integral role in shaping family dynamics and children's development. A question remains, however: How do fathers see their role in parenthood nowadays? Method We conducted four focus groups with 16 Portuguese and immigrant fathers of young children. All participants were employed, predominantly married, and had high levels of education. Results We used thematic analysis and identified four dominant themes: (a) the father's role, (b) barriers to father involvement, (c) facilitators of father involvement, and (d) process of becoming a father. Conclusions Fathers predominantly viewed themselves as guides and role models for their children, often drawing comparisons with the maternal role, indicating a prevalent focus on mothers' roles in parenthood narratives. Both instrumental and emotional support were identified as pivotal facilitators to their role, whereas lack of support and coparenting conflicts were identified as primary barriers to active fatherhood. Implications These findings underscore the importance of tailoring policies and programs to support contemporary families effectively.