Anticancer Activity of Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells of Macaca fascicularis on WiDr Colon Cancer Cells

BACKGROUND: Colon cancer death toll due to metastasis is expected to rise. Extracellular vesicles are signalling molecules which can regulate communication between cells and either inhibit or promote cancer metastasis. METHODS: Extracellular vesicles from adipose mesenchymal stem cells of Macaca fascicularis were obtained from previous research. Various concentrations of extracellular vesicles (5 μg/mL, 10 μg/mL, and 20 μg/mL) were applied to colon cancer cell line WiDr in a transwell invasion assay. CXCR3 gene expression analysis was done using RT-qPCR. RESULTS: Application of extracellular vesicles successfully inhibited colon cancer invasion with decrease of number of invasive cells with increase in concentration. There was no statistical difference between cells treated with 10 μg/mL and 20 μg/mL of extracellular vesicles. Colon cancer cells treated with extracellular vesicles show upregulation of CXCR3A and CXCR3B gene expression compared to negative control. CONCLUSION: Extracellular vesicles inhibit colon cancer cell invasion through upregulation of CXCR3B expression.