Bank Monitoring with On‐Site Inspections
Abstract
ABSTRACT Using proprietary transaction‐level data on nonsyndicated construction loans, we provide some of the first empirical evidence on the drivers and consequences of bank monitoring through on‐site inspections. Banks trade off monitoring intensity with favorable origination terms. Monitoring intensity escalates in response to local economic downturns or the bank's financial instability. Borrowers with negative inspection reports have more draw requests denied, suggesting that monitoring outcomes impact credit decisions. Both the occurrence and threat of increased inspection frequency correspond to reduced defaults. Overall, our results provide empirical support for a substantial body of theoretical literature on bank monitoring.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Banking stability
regulation
efficiency
Credit Risk and Financial Regulations
Italy: Economic History and Contemporary Issues
Publication details
- Journal / source
- The Journal of Finance
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Volume
- 81
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 687–737
- Publication date
- 22 January 2026
- Language
- EN