Emergence of Southern Rice Black Streak Dwarf Virus in Sugarcane and Jungle Rice Reveals New Alternate Hosts

ABSTRACT A field survey conducted in Ambala District, Haryana, India, during the 2025 rice‐growing season revealed the presence of southern rice black streak dwarf virus (SRBSDV) in stunted rice plants. RT‐PCR detection across multiple crop stages (June–October) confirmed SRBSDV infection in 18 of 22 rice samples, as well as in adjacent non‐rice hosts, including 6 of 7 sugarcane ( Saccharum officinarum ) and 4 of 6 jungle rice ( Echinochloa colona ) samples, while all pigweed samples (0/6) tested negative. The consistent detection of SRBSDV in these Poaceae species indicates active circulation of the virus beyond rice. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first evidence of SRBSDV detection in sugarcane and Echinochloa colona , demonstrating an expanded host range and suggesting their potential roles as alternate or reservoir hosts that may facilitate virus persistence and early‐season reintroduction into rice ecosystems.