Sexuality, a Fundamental Care Need—Theoretical and Clinical Considerations, a Discursive Paper

BACKGROUND: Sexuality is a crucial component of quality of life yet often remains an under-recognised and overlooked patient need within nursing care. Despite patients expressing a desire to discuss their sexuality with nurses, significant barriers hinder these conversations, leading to unmet needs and potential negative impacts on well-being. AIM: This discursive paper aims to discuss how the Fundamentals of Care (FoC) framework can support nurses in acknowledging and addressing sexuality as a fundamental aspect of patient care. METHOD: A broad, structured literature search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL and Embase (2010-2026) focusing on sexuality, fundamental care needs, nursing theories and the nurse's role in addressing sexual dysfunction. The findings were critically reflected upon using the FoC framework as a lens for understanding and improving practice. FINDINGS: The analysis reveals that the FoC framework's emphasis on relationship, integration of care and context can facilitate a more holistic and patient-centred approach to addressing sexuality. Integrating the PLISSIT model (Permission, Limited Information, Specific Suggestions, Intensive Therapy) alongside the FoC framework provides a structured approach to initiating conversations and offering support. Organisational support, clear guidelines and adequate nurse education are also critical for overcoming barriers and fostering a culture where sexuality is openly addressed. CONCLUSION: Utilising the FoC framework, supplemented by the PLISSIT model and a supportive organisational context, can empower nurses to acknowledge and address patients' sexual needs, ultimately improving their overall well-being and breaking down the 'two-way taboo' surrounding sexuality in healthcare.