Fractional Analysis of Magnetic non-Newtonian Casson Fluid with Copper Nanoparticles Through Inclined Stenosed Artery

Cardiovascular diseases include various heart and blood vessel disorders. Arterial stenosis, caused by the buildup of fatty deposits and other materials, narrows arteries and disrupts normal blood flow, leading to increased wall shear stress and flow disturbances. In this study, the Caputo-Fabrizio fractional derivative is applied to analyze blood flow with copper nanoparticles in an inclined stenosed artery. Blood is modeled as a non-Newtonian Casson fluid under a uniform magnetic field and pressure gradient. Using the Laplace and Hankel transform techniques, analytical solutions for blood and magnetic particle velocities are obtained, and the effects of flow parameters, Hartmann number, time, Casson fluid parameter, and fractional order are presented graphically. Validation against limiting cases shows good agreement with previous studies. The results demonstrate that blood and particle velocities increase with fractional order, time, and Casson fluid parameter, but decrease with higher Hartmann number, with blood velocity generally exceeding particle velocity. These findings are useful for designing targeted drug delivery systems by understanding the behavior of non-Newtonian nanofluids in stenosed arteries under magnetic fields.