Möbius metasurface for fully decoupled bidirectional light control

Simultaneous and independent manipulation of light’s propagation direction, polarization state, and wavelength remains a fundamental challenge in photonics, due to the intrinsic entanglement of optical degrees of freedom imposed by reciprocity and structural symmetry. Here, we present a single-layer dielectric Möbius metasurface that achieves fully decoupled control across these three dimensions by leveraging a topology-inspired polarization-path inversion mechanism. Inspired by Möbius topology, our design maps forward and backward polarization trajectories onto a unified Poincaré sphere via a synthetic phase-driven coordinate transformation, enabling direction-selective phase responses for arbitrary elliptical polarization states. To overcome the trade-offs between dispersion and polarization functionality, we introduce a neural network framework that co-optimizes Jones matrix responses across multiple polarizations, wavelengths, and directions. Experimentally, we demonstrate six completely independent holographic channels—defined by three polarization–wavelength combinations under opposite propagation directions—with high-fidelity image reconstructions and inter-channel crosstalk below 6.4%. In contrast to Janus-type or multilayer metasurfaces limited to interleaved or orthogonal polarization encoding, our approach offers a compact, lossless, and fabrication-compatible solution for multidimensional optical multiplexing.