Optical properties of human and porcine fallopian tube tissue

Ovarian cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality in women, with 70 to 80% of cases originating in the fallopian tubes (FTs). Accurate modeling of light-tissue interactions is essential for the development of optical diagnostic and therapeutic technologies. This study quantifies the absorption and reduced scattering coefficients of human and porcine fallopian tube tissues using a double integrating sphere system and inverse adding- doubling analysis. The sample was located between the spheres and illuminated with collimated light sources. Reflectance and transmission values, as well as calibration measurements without the sample, were made to enable calculation of total reflectance and total transmittance. Measurements were conducted using light sources spanning wavelengths from 405nm to 1300nm to include both the visible and near-infrared regions. Acquired data were processed using the inverse adding-doubling (IAD) algorithm, which incorporates both tissue sample parameters and integrating sphere characteristics to extract wavelength-dependent absorption and reduced scattering coefficients. Measurements were made on 10 porcine and 6 human FT. The results indicate that absorption in the visible spectrum is primarily due to hemoglobin, whereas water absorption dominates in the near-infrared region. The reduced scattering coefficients exhibit a wavelength-dependent power-law decay, consistent with Mie theory predictions for biological tissues. Comparative analysis demonstrates a strong correlation between the porcine and human samples which suggests that porcine tissue is an appropriate optical property model for preclinical studies. These findings contribute to the foundational optical characterization of fallopian tube tissue and support the advancement of light-based strategies for early ovarian cancer detection.