Antibunching-enhanced structured illumination localization microscopy

Antibunching emerges from the sub-Poisson statistics of single-photon emitters, such as fluorescent tags, and allows super-resolution imaging. However, it requires photon-counting operation with fast frame rates and matching pulsed laser repetition rates in the tens of MHz. Instead of a wide-field architecture, we use a single-pixel imaging system, with a 23-pixel SPAD imager and a high-speed SLM. We scan through the spectral content of the image in less than one second, accumulating correlation signals from all exposed emitters. We demonstrate high-speed antibunching imaging in fixed and live cells, assisted by a fusing algorithm combining classical and quantum information for image reconstruction. This will allow us to visualize subcellular dynamics and organelle interactions at higher speed and resolution, contributing to our understanding of fundamental biological processes.