Stable, high-efficiency, and robust electro-optic (EO) polymers for integrated silicon-organic hybrid (SOH) EO modulators in the datacom and telecom wavelengths

Utilization of organic materials for optical modulation is rapidly gaining attention as a key enabling technology for next-generation transceivers, where ultra-high-speed performance, low power consumption, and compact form factors are critical. In this work, we demonstrate state-of-the-art Silicon Organic Hybrid (SOH) modulators that combine CMOS-compatible fabrication with high modulation efficiency and broadband electro-optic response. The designs are based on a slot Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) geometry, optimized to maximize the overlap between the optical and electrical fields. The resulting devices exhibit a voltage-length product (Vπ·L) below 0.5 V·mm and electro-optic 3 dB bandwidths exceeding 85 GHz. We also report successful 240 Gbit/s PAM4 modulation with clear eye openings using drive voltages under 1.0 V, confirming the suitability of these modulators for power-constrained, high-throughput optical transceiver applications.