Infrared PSF simulation method based on a digital twin of optical system and detector

High-precision detection in infrared optical systems requires accurate simulation of point spread functions (PSFs) that fully reflect both the optical system and detector characteristics. Traditional PSF simulation methods often assume idealized conditions, neglecting the complex interactions between optical imaging performance and detector response, which can lead to significant deviations from actual imaging quality. Existing techniques, such as empirical model corrections and conventional optical design software, offer partial solutions but still face limitations in modeling detector-specific effects and dynamic performance variations. Digital twin-based PSF simulation technology addresses these challenges by constructing a high-fidelity virtual model that mirrors the actual infrared optical system. This approach integrates physical modeling of the optical system with data-driven modeling of detector response, enabling dynamic and high-precision simulation of PSFs under real operating conditions. By coupling experimental measurements and virtual modeling, the digital twin framework significantly enhances the accuracy of infrared PSF prediction, shortens development cycles, reduces experimental verification costs, and provides a robust technical foundation for system calibration and fault diagnosis of high-performance devices, including space-based infrared payloads and cryogenic optical detectors.