Space-ground inconsistency wavefront test for gravitational wave telescopes

To minimize the deformation of mirrors and structures caused by coupled errors such as gravitational field, temperature field, tress field and so on, due to space-ground inconsistencies in gravitational wave telescopes—which further affect stray light, wavefront error, and optical axis misalignment in the detection system. Firstly, primary influencing factors of space-ground inconsistency were investigated. Secondly, simulation and analysis were conducted, using the primary mirror of the gravitational wave telescope as an example, to calculate the impact of space-ground inconsistency on wavefront error, including effects on both the horizontal and vertical optical axes. Thirdly, experimental testing was performed under horizontal and vertical optical axis conditions to evaluate the influence of space-ground inconsistency on wavefront error. The final goal was to ensure that the gravitational wave telescope achieves ultra-high-precision system wavefront error consistency between space and ground, with deviations below 0.001λ.