Multiobjective optimization of stand allocation in cul-de-sac area of terminal based on pressure-relief stand design

Aiming at the operational pain points such as the saturation of contact stands in the Cul-de-sac Area of Terminal, the low utilization rate of idle loop space, and the inefficient occupation of resources by long-turnaround flights, this paper takes the activation of spatial resources in the Cul-de-sac Area of Terminal and the improvement of stand utilization efficiency as the core, innovatively proposes a Pressure-Relief Stand (PRS) design scheme, and constructs a strongly coupled two-stage multi-objective optimization model integrating stand allocation and tractor scheduling. By quantifying the spatial and safety constraints for PRS setup, the efficient revitalization of idle loop resources is realized. Aiming at balancing the interests of airports, airlines, and passengers, a multi-objective optimization system of "maximizing contact stand service capacity—optimizing stand allocation balance—minimizing flight towing frequency" is established, and solved by the Genetic-Greedy Hybrid Algorithm (GGHA). Taking the northwest Cul-de-sac Area of Terminal of Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport as an empirical object, the results show that the service capacity of contact stands is increased by 1.01%, the balance of stand allocation is converged to 1.79, and the number of flight towing operations is controlled at 7. This fully verifies the validity of the PRS design and the two-stage optimization model, providing a scientific solution for the optimal allocation of stand resources in the Cul-de-sac Area of Terminal.