Target tracking algorithm of high-speed fragments in static explosion fields

With the advancement of high-speed camera technology, its use in static explosive testing has become increasingly common for capturing high-velocity fragments. However, the small size, high velocity, and high density, combined with the limitations of high-speed imaging, result in a low sampling rate and a poor signal-to-noise ratio. This results in a high number of missed or incorrectly detected targets during the operation of the detection algorithm inevitable, leading to mismatched motion trajectories and making it challenging to accurately measure motion parameters. In order to better measure the scattering field of fragments, accurate detection, tracking, and identification of fragment targets are required. To address these challenges, we adopt a Track-Before-Detect (TBD) framework. Within this framework, detection is performed via background subtraction, and a Physics-guided and Robust Tracking (PRT) algorithm is integrated to leverage fragment motion dynamics and state estimation. This integration enhances tracking robustness, suppresses false positives, and recovers missed detections, resulting in improved overall tracking performance. Experimental results demonstrate good performance of the proposed method. This method provides a reference for further promoting the application of high-speed cameras in static explosion tests.