Analysis of the damage and failure mechanism of building materials and structures based on peridynamics

Throughout the service life of many buildings, structural damage and failure gradually develop under external loads, reducing load-bearing capacity. In harsh environments, damage at complex structural nodes can lead to catastrophic failures. Understanding material properties, damage and failure mechanisms, and crack propagation under complex loading is essential for maintaining structural performance and safety. This paper establishes three-dimensional mechanical models of steel bolted joints and concrete cube specimens using experiments and peridynamic theory. The structural damage characteristics and failure mechanisms are analyzed and clarified, providing a theoretical foundation for engineering design and contributing to improved load-bearing capacity and overall building stability.