ANALYSIS of dynamic changes in green landscape patterns in Decheng District, Dezhou City, based on NDVI reclassification

Urban green spaces play a vital role in maintaining and enhancing the urban ecological environment. Therefore, accurately assessing the development of urban green spaces is a prerequisite for the healthy development of the urban ecological environment. This study utilised remote sensing imagery from 2013, 2019, and 2024 to identify and classify urban green spaces using the Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Employing ArcGIS and Fragstats software, it systematically analysed the spatiotemporal evolution of green landscape patterns in Dezhou's Decheng District across multiple dimensions, including land cover types, patch characteristics, and landscape indices. Results indicate no significant change in surface green space types within Decheng District, which comprises sparse and general green spaces. Sparse green spaces underwent extreme fragmentation in 2019 before showing signs of consolidation and recovery by 2024. General green spaces exhibited a sustained trend towards contiguous aggregation, with markedly improved quality. Landscape pattern indicators reveal that by 2024, landscapes will tend toward concentration and simplification, reflecting the landscape regulation mechanism under the interplay of urban expansion and ecological restoration. Based on this research, data support can be provided for future green space development in Decheng District.