Collaborative optimization of speed limits and traffic markings in urban tunnels

Urban tunnels, as an important part of modern transportation networks, have drawn increasing attention due to the special and enclosed environment of their driving conditions. In tunnel operation management, speed limits and traffic markings are key factors influencing driver behavior, and the coordinated optimization of these two aspects plays a significant role in enhancing driving safety and traffic efficiency. This study focuses on the core element of driver reaction ability and explores the impact mechanisms of different speed limits and marking combinations on tunnel traffic safety. The aim is to provide scientific basis for the design and management of urban tunnels. The research results not only enrich the theoretical connotation of tunnel traffic safety but also provide quantifiable design references for practical engineering applications.