Analysis of time synchronization signal accuracy in IPv6 networks for smart substations

The deep integration of intelligent algorithms within smart energy systems offers novel pathways for enhancing time synchronization accuracy, demonstrating broad applicability particularly under multi-node collaboration and complex network conditions. Within IPv6-based smart substation architectures, compliance with the sub-microsecond synchronization precision requirements specified in IEC 61850-9-3 is essential. An IPv6 time synchronization system based on the IEEE 1588v2 protocol was constructed. By integrating an edge FPGA platform with EWMA prediction and PID control algorithms, dynamic modeling of synchronization drift and precision compensation were achieved. The system adopts a hierarchical design of master clock + edge timing subsystems. Combining hardware timestamps with multi-threaded scheduling mechanisms, it achieves concurrent synchronization control for 192 nodes on the Zynq-7030 platform. By collecting 720,000 message samples, the system's offset, RTT, and jitter characteristics were evaluated under varying load and node conditions. Experimental results demonstrate that peak offset remains within 152.7 ns even under high-load scenarios, significantly outperforming IPv4-PTP and NTP solutions. The system exhibits robustness and latency control capabilities in high-density deployments, providing a practical technical solution for distributed synchronization systems in smart grids.