Parallel two-sided destructive disassembly line balancing problem for human-robot collaboration in the context of multitype EOL products

The growing variety and quantity of End-of-Life products have drawn significant attention to the disassembly and recycling of multiple types of such products. However, traditional single-line and manual disassembly methods are increasingly inadequate for large-scale, complex product disassembly. Additionally, uncertainties in the quality of Endof- Life products may result in components that are difficult to disassemble, further complicating the process. To address these challenges, this paper introduces a parallel two-sided destructive disassembly line balancing problem for humanrobot collaboration in the context of multi-type End-of-Life products and develops a mixed integer linear programming model. Two different ε-constraint methods are proposed to derive the multi-objective Pareto frontiers for characterizing the problem. Finally, the model's validity and feasibility were ultimately validated through numerical experiments involving two distinct types of end-of-life appliances. Results demonstrate that the proposed model and methodology effectively address non-disassemblability during dismantling, enhance disassembly efficiency, and simultaneously provide crucial support for management decision-making.