Prevalence and risk factors of cognitive impairment among stroke survivors in India: an analysis of cross-sectional data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India

OBJECTIVES: This study examines the prevalence of and risk factors associated with cognitive impairment among Indian stroke survivors aged ≥60 using data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI). DESIGN: Cross-sectional comparative analysis. SETTING: Secondary analysis of Wave 1 (2017-2019) data from the nationally representative LASI. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 844 individuals aged ≥60 years with a self-reported history of stroke and 2532 age-matched and gender-matched non-stroke controls selected at a 3:1 ratio from the LASI dataset. OUTCOME MEASURES: The outcome measure was the prevalence of cognitive impairment among older adults with a history of stroke, assessed using a composite cognitive index (score ≤14) derived from five cognitive domains. We also aimed to identify socio-demographic, socioeconomic, behavioural and health-related factors associated with post-stroke cognitive impairment using multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS: Stroke survivors had a higher prevalence of cognitive impairment (15.3%) compared with non-stroke individuals (11.6%) and significantly lower cognitive function (composite score: 22.23 vs 23.78, p