Intravenous leiomyomatosis with cardiac involvement: clinicopathological and molecular insights including fumarate hydratase deficiency
Abstract
AIMS: The objective of this study was to explore the clinical diagnostic indicators and treatment approaches for intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL), particularly when it extends into the inferior vena cava and the right heart system. METHODS: Nine patients with IVL admitted to our hospital were enrolled in this study. The ultrasonographic, CT, MRI, pathological findings and surgical details of these patients were comprehensively analysed. All patients underwent surgical procedures. Postoperative pathological examination confirmed the presence of IVL, along with intramural leiomyoma of the uterus. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical results demonstrated that smooth muscle actin, smooth muscle myosin heavy chain, Desmin, Caldesmon, oestrogen receptor and progesterone receptor were highly positive. The Ki-67 index of most specimens was
Fields of Study & Subjects
Uterine Myomas and Treatments
Gastrointestinal Tumor Research and Treatment
Soft tissue tumors and treatment
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Journal of Clinical Pathology
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Volume
- 79
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 264–270
- Publication date
- 3 February 2026
- Language
- EN