Rough Stochastic Pontryagin Maximum Principle and an Indirect Shooting Method

Abstract. We derive first-order Pontryagin optimality conditions for stochastic optimal control with deterministic control inputs for systems modeled by rough differential equations (RDE) driven by Gaussian rough paths. This Pontryagin maximum principle (PMP) applies to systems following stochastic differential equations (SDE) driven by Brownian motion, yet it does not rely on forward-backward SDEs and involves the same Hamiltonian as the deterministic PMP. The proof consists of first deriving various integrable error bounds for solutions to nonlinear and linear RDEs by leveraging recent results on Gaussian rough paths. The PMP then follows using standard techniques based on needle-like variations. As an application, we propose the first indirect shooting method for nonlinear stochastic optimal control. Numerical experiments on a stabilization problem show that it converges [Formula: see text] faster than a direct method.