The impact of industrial agglomeration on the structure of China’s wood industry under the dual carbon targets

Understanding the mechanisms through which wood industry agglomeration influences the optimization of the wood industrial structure and its spatial spillover effects holds substantial theoretical and practical significance for formulating regional industrial development policies and advancing the green transformation of industries. This paper systematically investigates the characteristics and spatial linkages of China’s wood industry. Utilizing panel data from 30 provincial-level administrative regions in China spanning 2010–2020, a Spatial Durbin Model is employed to examine the impact of wood industry agglomeration on the optimization of industrial structure in both local and neighboring regions, while also testing for spatial dependence.The results reveal that the optimization of the wood industrial structure exhibits a significant positive spatial correlation across regions, indicating a high degree of spatial interdependence characterized by clusters of both high and low levels of industrial development. While industrial agglomeration significantly promotes the upgrading of the local wood industrial structure, it has a suppressive effect on the development of the wood industry in adjacent regions. This study provides empirical evidence for formulating localized wood industry policies. The findings offer valuable insights for optimizing industrial spatial distribution, fostering coordinated regional development, and supporting the achievement of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.