Computer modeling of bioheat transfer for the analysis of brightness temperature distributions

This paper presents a comprehensive computer simulation of thermal processes in multi-layered biological tissues for the analysis of luminance temperature distributions recorded by microwave radiometry. A mathematical model combining the bioheat transfer equation with the electrodynamic description of electromagnetic field propagation in an inhomogeneous medium has been developed. The model accounts for variations in the thermophysical and dielectric properties of tissues, as well as convective heat exchange with the environment. A parametric analysis was performed to investigate the effects of ambient temperature, heat transfer coefficient and tissue thermal conductivity on brightness temperature formation. Computational experiments revealed a clear linear dependence of the radiometric signal on both external and internal parameters. It was found that an increase in air temperature by 8 ∘ C causes a shift in the brightness temperature by about 2 ∘ C, which exceeds the typical error of the microwave radiometry method and emphasizes the need for strict temperature control of the measurement conditions. The developed software system was validated against analytical solutions and experimental data, confirming the accuracy of the calculated temperature fields to within 0.1 ∘ C. The obtained results lay the groundwork for refining heat transfer models in biological tissues, improving the accuracy of noninvasive thermodiagnostic methods, and integrating computer Modeling with machine learning algorithms to enable the automated interpretation of radiometric data.