Generation of tunable Q-switched O-band pulses from a Pr3+: ZBLAN fiber laser using Ti 3 C 2 T x -based thin film

In this work, tunable Q-switched pulses in a praseodymium-doped (Pr 3 ) ZBLAN fiber (PDFF) laser operating in the O-band were demonstrated using a Ti 3 C 2 T X /PVA MXene saturable absorber (SA) as a passive modulator. Stable Q-switched operation was achieved at a central wavelength of 1304.06[Formula: see text]nm, with wavelength tunability of 15[Formula: see text]nm enabled by a tunable bandpass filter (TBPF). As the pump power increased from 283.8 to 311.9[Formula: see text]mW, the repetition rate increased linearly from 53.74 to 61.34[Formula: see text]kHz, while the pulse duration decreased from 3.04 to 2.27[Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]s. A maximum pulse energy of 61.78[Formula: see text]nJ and an average output power of 3.79[Formula: see text]mW were obtained at the highest pump power of 311.9[Formula: see text]mW, corresponding to the pulse peak power of 27.27[Formula: see text]mW. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study presents the first demonstration of a tunable Q-switched PDFF-based system to utilize Ti 3 C 2 T X /PVA MXene as a passive modulator.