Study on the correlation between Vitamin D levels and patients with BPPV comorbid with anxiety and depression

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D levels and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) comorbid with anxiety and depression and to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on treatment outcomes in this population. Methods: A prospective interventional design was employed, including 162 patients with BPPV comorbid with anxiety and depression and 139 healthy controls. Serum 25(OH)D 3 levels were measured at the initial visit, and anxiety and depression scores (HAM-D and HAM-A) were assessed. Patients in the experimental group received oral vitamin D3 supplementation (2000 IU/day) daily. After 3 months, the frequency of BPPV recurrences and anxiety–depression symptoms (HAM-D, HAM-A scores) were re-evaluated. Results: Serum vitamin D levels were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group, and vitamin D levels were negatively correlated with anxiety and depression scores. After vitamin D supplementation, the number of BPPV recurrences significantly decreased, and anxiety and depression scores significantly improved in the experimental group. Subgroup analysis showed that patients with lower baseline vitamin D levels exhibited a more significant response to treatment. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency may be associated with the occurrence of BPPV comorbid with anxiety and depression symptoms. Vitamin D supplementation, as an adjunct to repositioning maneuvers, may improve outcomes in this population.