RulePilot: An LLM-Powered Agent for Security Rule Generation

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Authors: Hongtai Wang, Ming Xu, Yanpei Guo, Weili Han, Hoon Wei Lim, Jin Song Dong
Cited by: 1
References: 53

Abstract

The real-time demand for system security leads to the detection rules becoming an integral part of the intrusion detection life-cycle. Rule-based detection often identifies malicious logs based on the predefined grammar logic, requiring experts with deep domain knowledge for rule generation. Therefore, automation of rule generation can result in significant time savings and ease the burden of rule-related tasks on security engineers. In this paper, we propose RulePilot, which mimics human expertise via LLM-based agent for addressing rule-related challenges like rule creation or conversion. Using RulePilot, the security analysts do not need to write down the rules following the grammar, instead, they can just provide the annotations such as the natural-language-based descriptions of a rule, our RulePilot can automatically generate the detection rules without more intervention. RulePilot is equipped with the intermediate representation (IR), which abstracts the complexity of config rules into structured, standardized formats, allowing LLMs to focus on generation rules in a more manageable and consistent way. We present a comprehensive evaluation of RulePilot in terms of textual similarity and execution success abilities, showcasing RulePilot can generate high-fidelity rules, outperforming the baseline models by up to 107.4% in textual similarity to ground truths and achieving better detection accuracy in real-world execution tests. We perform a case study from our industry collaborators in Singapore, showcasing that RulePilot significantly help junior analysts/general users in the rule creation process.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Software System Performance and Reliability Network Security and Intrusion Detection Digital and Cyber Forensics

Publication details

Journal / source
Proceedings of the 2026 IEEE/ACM 48th International Conference on Software Engineering
Publisher
ACM
Pages
2045–2057
Publication date
12 April 2026