Living Contracts: Beyond Document-Centric Interaction with Legal Agreements
Abstract
User interaction with legal contracts has been limited to document reading, which is often complicated by complex, ambiguous legal language. We explore possible futures where contract interfaces go beyond single document interfaces to (1) educate users with legal rights not stated in the contract, (2) transform legal language into alternative representations to aid information tasks before, during, and after signing, and (3) proactively supply contractual information at relevant moments. We refer to these future interfaces collectively as Living Contracts. Using residential leases as a case study, we created three design probes representing different possible Living Contracts. A three-part qualitative study (N=18) revealed participants’ barriers to interacting with contracts, including interpreting complex language, uncertainty about legal rights, and the pressure to sign quickly. Participants’ feedback on the probes highlighted how Living Contracts have the potential to address these challenges and open new design opportunities for human-contract interactions beyond document reading.
Fields of Study & Subjects
AI in Service Interactions
Business Law and Ethics
Innovative Human-Technology Interaction
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
- Publisher
- ACM
- Pages
- 1–23
- Publication date
- 13 April 2026