Enhanced Optical and Dielectric Behaviour in Green-Synthesized MgO– Azadirachta Indica Nanoparticles for Optoelectronic Applications

The MgO nanoparticles were synthesized using Azadirachta indica leaf extracts as natural reducing and stabilizing agents. XRD analysis confirmed the crystallinity of MgO nanoparticles with distinct peaks corresponding to the cubic phase and 13.74 nm crystallite sizes. FTIR spectroscopy showed a characteristic peak around 665 cm −1 , confirming the formation of Mg-O bonds, along with extra peaks which correspond to phytochemical groups from the plant extract. FESEM morphological studies exhibited nearly spherical formations with a uniform and homogeneous particle distribution. The EDX spectrum verified the elemental purity by showing only magnesium and oxygen. The UV–visible absorption peak appeared around 270 nm, and the optical band gap calculated from Tauc’s relation was approximately 4.60 eV, indicating strong optical activity. According to the findings, Azadirachta indica -assisted MgO nanoparticles are efficient, eco-friendly, recyclable and suitable for opto-electronic applications.