Graphene Nano-Engineered Plasma-Tailored Dielectric Interfaced (GNPTD) Field-Effect Transistor for Ultrasensitive Detection of Breast Cancer Biomarkers

The present work is a collusion of a Graphene Nano-engineered Plasma-Tailored Dielectric Interfaced (GNPTD) Field-Effect Transistor for Ultrasensitive Detection of Breast Cancer Biomarkers. The design proposed has been juxtaposed systematically with the traditional Silicon-Integrated Nano-engineered Plasma-Tailored Dielectric (SINPTD) FET to have the latter serve as a benchmark of evaluation and comparison. The sensor’s response simulation for specific breast cell types- MCF-10A ( ε r = 4.5), Hs578T ( ε r = 22), and T47D ( ε r = 32)-has been done with a baseline of a conventional silicon-channel MOSFET. Breast cancer cells are known to exhibit characteristic dielectric responses when exposed to electromagnetic radiation in the frequency range of approximately 900 kHz to 13 MHz, and these variations in dielectric behaviour enable electrical differentiation between normal and malignant cells in transistor-based biosensors. The results showed that this implies an improvement of about 8714.85% for the I d (max), 233.08% for the I ON sensitivity, approximately ∼177.365.59% for the I ON /I OFF improvement, 4429.76% for the g m sensitivity, and significant improvements in performance. With this, the early discovery of breast cancer becomes the most effective way of improving the outcome of treatment and survival rates among women. This work, therefore, holds the promise that the GNPTD-FET platform will provide a real-time, low-power, and highly sensitive biosensing solution with excellent potential for early-stage cancer detection and its applications in point-of-care biomedical devices.