Heterogeneity in postprandial glucose-insulin and triacylglycerol dynamics and associations with plasma metabolome and body composition in obesity

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 2026 Open access

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Authors: Nikolai B. Aunbakk, Siv Kjølsrud Bøhn, Johnny Laupsa‐Borge, Cathrine Sommersten, Adrian McCann, Gülen Arslan Lied, Ottar Nygård, Jutta Dierkes, Gunnar Mellgren, Simon N. Dankel, Kathrine Frey Frøslie
DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00499.2025
Cited by: 1
References: 59

Abstract

Functional principal component analysis (FPCA) revealed large individual and sex-specific differences in postprandial glucose, C-peptide, and triacylglycerol dynamics in obesity. Although the primary postprandial patterns correlated strongly with the area under the curve (AUC), the presence and timing of peaks varied independently of AUC. Over 40% of participants showed nonsynchronized postprandial glucose and C-peptide curves. High and delayed peaks were associated with markers of insulin resistance, altered amino acid metabolism, visceral adiposity, and liver dysfunction.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies Diabetes Cardiovascular Risks and Lipoproteins Adipokines Inflammation and Metabolic Diseases

Publication details

Journal / source
American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
Publisher
American Physiological Society
Volume
331
Issue
1
Pages
E20–E34
Publication date
21 May 2026
Language
EN