Whispers of Growth: The Impact of MicroRNA on the Proliferation Potential of Adipose‐Derived Stem Cells—A Review

Adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) have garnered significant interest in regenerative medicine (RM) due to their abundant availability, ease of isolation, and ability to differentiate into various cell types. The growth of ADSCs is crucial for their therapeutic effectiveness, as it directly influences their ability to repair damaged tissues. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are recognized as powerful regulators of gene expression and cellular functions, including proliferation, and are believed to play a role in modulating the proliferative potential (PP) of ADSCs. This review is aimed at exploring existing research on how miRNAs influence the PP of ADSCs, focusing on aspects such as the cell cycle, ADSC factors, and various signaling pathways, including STAT3, PI3K‐AKT, Hippo, Notch, Wnt/ β ‐catenin, and MAPK pathways that affect ADSC proliferation. We also examined the impact of miRNAs on the migration of ADSCs. Through a review of relevant studies, we identified several miRNAs that influence the PP of ADSCs through various mechanisms. These miRNAs interact with key signaling pathways, cell cycle regulators, and other elements related to cell proliferation, leading to both positive and negative effects on ADSC growth. Additionally, numerous studies have suggested that modifying miRNA expression levels could enhance the PP of ADSCs for therapeutic applications. This review provides valuable insights into the intricate regulatory networks involving miRNAs that govern the PP of ADSCs. A deeper understanding of the roles of miRNAs in ADSC proliferation holds promise for improving the efficacy of ADSC therapies and advancing the field of RM. Further research is warranted to elucidate the specific mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate ADSC proliferation and to identify new therapeutic targets for enhancing the regenerative potential of ADSCs. Exploring new miRNA targets, developing miRNA‐based therapies, and creating advanced delivery systems are promising avenues for future research. The role of miRNAs in regulating the PP of ADSCs presents exciting opportunities for the advancement of RM and tissue engineering.