Management of a Rare Mandibular Bilateral Glandular Odontogenic Cysts With Enucleation: A Case Report and Mini Review of Literature

Glandular odontogenic cysts (GOCs) are rare odontogenic cysts which exhibit distinctive histopathological characteristics and a notable tendency to recur. The radiographic features of GOCs are not specific to the condition. A definitive diagnosis of GOC can only be confirmed through histopathological examination, which identified a nonkeratinized squamous epithelial lining with nodular thickening, papillary projections, and mucous cells that contain mucous pools within the epithelium as well as or duct-like structures (microcystic spaces). We report a rare case of bilateral GOCs located in the mandible treated successfully with simple enucleation and bone grafting with collagen membrane placement. A 31-year-old Kuwaiti male patient showed with a painless swelling on both sides of the mandible. Gave a history of swelling for 3-4 years subsided with antibiotics and anti-inflammatories. An incisional biopsy was done and diagnosed as GOC. Surgical enucleation with bone curettage and bone grafting with a collagen membrane to reinforce the mandible was the best line of treatment based on the patient's inquire. The enucleated tissue was submitted to histological examination, and confirming the previous diagnosis. The patient was followed up for 9 months with no recurrence; as well as a new bone formation was detected. Differentiation of GOC from other odontogenic cysts and tumors, or intraossous mucoepidermoid carcinoma, is crucial to avoid unnecessary aggressive treatment. More care should be given to report this rare entity with this presentation as bilateral GOCs.