Job Polarization in Solar Power Plants: A Systematic Literature Review

With renewable energy (RE), particularly the scale of solar power expansion in India, the job scenario is changing. This systematic literature review examines job polarization in solar power plants resulting from automation or digital transformation, as well as the changes in required skill sets. A decline in mid‐skilled occupations, such as operations and management (O&M), was accompanied by an increase in high‐skilled jobs that require skills in artificial intelligence (AI), data analytics, and engineering. Low‐skill installation and maintenance jobs have increased, but wage levels and upward mobility remain lower than those in high‐skill industries. This is alarming because, according to these trends, such risks may exacerbate economic disparities across regions. Drawing on recent reports and studies, this article aims to outline the growing need for effective policies that mitigate polarization, including re‐skilling initiatives, inclusive hiring practices, and equitable distribution of job opportunities across regions. The findings have significant implications for policymakers and industry stakeholders in achieving a just transition to sustainable energy.