Energy Transport Analysis of Bioconvective Magnetized Micropolar Fluid Flow Over a Porous Curved Stretching Surface With Homogeneous–Heterogeneous Reactions

Efficient energy transport in complex fluids is essential for the optimal design of modern thermal and bio‐energy systems. In this study, the bioconvective flow and heat transfer characteristics of a two‐dimensional, incompressible magnetized micropolar fluid of second‐grade nature over a porous curved stretching surface are investigated. The analysis incorporates homogeneous–heterogeneous chemical reactions, Darcy–Forchheimer porous medium effects, thermal radiation, Joule heating, and heat generation/absorption to model realistic energy transport mechanisms encountered in thermal engineering applications. Gyrotactic microorganisms are introduced to account for bioconvection effects, while thermal stratification is imposed at the surface to regulate heat transfer behavior. By employing suitable similarity transformations, the governing partial differential equations are reduced to a coupled system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and solved numerically using MATLAB’s bvp4c solver. The results reveal that increasing Hartmann and Darcy numbers significantly suppress fluid velocity. Higher Eckert and radiation parameters markedly elevate the temperature field. Moreover, the microrotation field intensifies with increasing material and curvature parameters, while the density of motile microorganisms diminishes for larger bioconvection Lewis and Peclet numbers. These findings provide useful insights into controlling energy transport, mass diffusion, and bioconvective stability in porous curved geometries relevant to bio‐reactors, thermal processing equipment, and energy conversion systems.