Power Dispatch Strategy for BESS Accounting for Intra‐Module Heterogeneity in SOH and SOC

To address accelerated lifetime degradation and diminished regulation capability in Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) caused by neglecting intramodule heterogeneity in State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH) during power dispatch, a novel power allocation strategy explicitly accounting for intramodule SOC and SOH variations is proposed. First, by analyzing the origins of cell‐to‐cell variations within storage modules and their coupled impact on SOC and SOH, a prioritization function is established using the worst‐cell SOH as the health indicator. Second, the number of modules participating in dispatch is determined based on maximizing operational efficiency and minimizing SOH degradation, ensuring that power allocation occurs within the rated power high‐efficiency zone. Third, an improved gray wolf optimizer (IGWO) is employed to optimize power allocation, minimizing intramodule SOC heterogeneity while strictly adhering to SOC boundaries, power constraints, and system‐wide power balance requirements. Finally, experimental validation in a grid‐connected system with wind power, photovoltaic generation, and load demonstrates that, compared to conventional strategies, the proposed method reduces SOH degradation in storage modules by 21.8%, decreases maximum SOC deviation from 1.55% to 1.05%, enhances SOC consistency among individual cells, and extends overall system lifespan by 21.25%. This approach significantly improves BESS economic viability and operational reliability, thereby ensuring long‐term operational sustainability.