Pancancer Analyses of KISS1 as a Potential Biomarker for Tumor Metastasis and Immunotherapy and Therapeutic Target for Breast Cancer

Emerging evidence highlights the pivotal role of KISS1 in cancer metastasis; however, there remains a dearth of pancancer analyses, particularly concerning immunotherapy. Here, we conducted a comprehensive investigation of KISS1 across various cancers, with a specific focus on breast cancer, using TCGA and GTEx datasets. We observed a tissue context-dependent role function of KISS1 in tumor metastasis, which exhibited suppressive effects in various tumors but promoted the metastatic phenotype in breast cancer. Our study revealed a noteworthy disparity between KISS1 expression at the mRNA and protein levels, indicating potential posttranslational modifications within cancer cells. Moreover, KISS1 is significantly associated with immune cell infiltration and immunosuppressive cells, suggesting its crucial role in modulating tumor immunotherapy. Intriguingly, our investigation also elucidated KISS1's involvement in promoting breast cancer metastasis, thereby providing valuable insights into the molecular underpinnings of this process. Furthermore, we validated the presence of posttranslational modifications of KISS1 in breast cancer, adding to our understanding of its role in tumorigenesis. By shedding light on the tissue context-dependent function of KISS1 and its implications for immunotherapy, our pancancer study offers novel perspectives on the oncogenic roles of KISS1 and provides potential avenues for the development of targeted therapies and diagnostic biomarkers.