Technoeconomic Assessment of a Hydrogen‐Integrated Hybrid Microgrid for Island Electrification in Developing Countries

This study investigates the technoeconomic and environmental feasibility of a hybrid renewable energy microgrid designed for Dublar Char, a remote off‐grid island in Bangladesh. The proposed system integrates solar photovoltaic, wind turbines (WTs), a fuel cell, an electrolyzer, hydrogen storage, and a battery energy storage system (BESS) to deliver reliable, sustainable electricity to underserved coastal communities. Using HOMER Pro software (v3.14.2), multiple configurations were simulated to identify the most cost‐effective and low‐emission system. Results indicate a levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of $0.108/kWh; a net present cost (NPC) of $135,907; and an annual operating cost of $184.79, with an initial capital investment of $83,554. The system also demonstrates a net carbon reduction of 31.7 kg/year, supporting climate goals through green hydrogen integration. Sensitivity analyses reveal that variations in solar irradiance, wind speed, discount rate, and inflation rate significantly affect both energy and hydrogen production costs. The levelized cost of hydrogen (LCOH) was estimated at $8.75/kg. The results highlight the potential of hydrogen‐assisted microgrids to enhance energy access, economic resilience, and environmental sustainability in off‐grid regions, offering a replicable model for island electrification in developing countries.